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WWII German Army
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German Infantry Mortar Team
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German Infantry Mortar TeamWhen U.S. troops landed on Omaha Beach on June 6, 1944, they entered a death trap. The Americans slammed into the 916th Grenadier Regiment. The Germans seasoned veterans of the savage fighting on the Eastern Front. Of all the weapons that the 916th Regiment employed at "Bloody" Omaha, none inflicted greater damage than the 81mm sGrW 34, the German Army's standard medium mortar.The german standard mortar was the 8cm Granatwerfer 34 or Gr.W.34. Developed by Rheinmetall in 1932, it proved to be a very reliable weapon and was immediately accepted. The tube had a length of 114.3cm, the complete mortar weighed 57kg including the 19kg tube. To produce it, 117kg of raw material were neccessary, the weapon cost 810,- RM (Reichsmark). At the beginning of WW II the german army possessed 4624 Gr.W.34. The weapon was kept in production all through the war with another 71,630 Gr.W.34 being produced from 1939 to 1945.The vehicle-mounted version of the weapon carried the designation Granatwerfer 67, abbreviated Gr.W.67.The kurzer 8cm - Granatwerfer 42, also called kz. 8cm-Gr.W.42 or simply 8cm Granatwerfer kurz ("short") also known simply as the "Stummel-Werfer" ("stump-projector"), was used mostly by paratrooper units. It's barrel had been shortened to 74.7cm. Although weight was reduced to 26kg, the shortened barrel also made for a much slower Vo of only 110m/s. Because of this limited range it was produced only for a short time in 1943, total production was 1,591.
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It fired the standard Wurfgranate 34 ("projector grenade") mortar round that weighed 3.5kg incl. 550g of explosives, had a length of 32.9cm and a caliber of 81.4mm. When fired from the Gr.W.34 this round had a Vo of 172m/s, a range of 2.4 km with a deviation of 65m. Total production of the Wurfgranate 34 (which was produced all through the war) was 73,972,000.The Wurfgranate 38 and W.Gr.39 had a small extra charge in the nose of the warhead that let the round jump back into the air upon impact so that the round itself exploded as an airburst several meters above the ground. The Wurfgranate 40, also called "lange Wurfgranate" ("long projected grenade") was a much larger round with a length of 56.4cm and increased explosive charge of almost 5kg. Because the total weight of the round was 7.5kg, it had a much shorter maximum range of 950m.The projected Wurfgranate 4462 anti-tank mortar round featured a shaped charge warhead that was to penetrate the relatively weak top armor of enemy tanks. The project had to be abandoned as it became obvious that the mortar was much to inaccurate for this idea.A successor model to the Gr.W.34 was the 8cm Granatwerfer 73 which was still in evaluation as late as October 1944. It increased maximum range to 4.5km, decreased the weight of the mortar plate by 8kg and lengthened the tube to 119.5cm which increased tube weight to 21.5kg. It fired the new Werfergranate 42.
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The austrian 8cm Granatwerfer 33(?) ("?" for "?sterreichisch" = "austrian") was a development based on the classical Stokes-Brandt mortar. Tube length was 113cm and the complete weapon weighed 62kg. It fired a 3.5kg mortar round at a Vo of 152m to a maximum range of 1.9km. The german army used a total of 230 of these mortars.Captured czech 8cm mortars were used under the designation Granatwerfer 36(t). The Skoda design weighed 62kg and had a tube length of 114cm. The ammunition weighed 3.3kg, had a Vo of 220m/s and a maximum range of 3.4km. The Wehrmacht possessed 514 of the Gr.W.36(t) and 236,500 rounds of the ammunition at the outbreak of WW II. In 1940 Skoda produced another 49 weapons.684 captured polish 8,1cm Granatwerfer 31(p) were used only for training purposes.The french mortar Brandt 27/31, a Stokes-Brandt construction of 8,14cm caliber, was used by the germans under the designation Granatwerfer 278/1(f). It weighed 58.8kg, had a tube length of 111.4cm and fired a mortar round of 3.25kg to a maximum range of 2km at a Vo of 157m/s.The germans extensively used captured russian 8.2cm mortars under the foreign equipment designation 8,2cm Granatwerfer 274(r). It weighed 57kg and fired from it's 128cm long tube a mortar round of 3.4kg with a Vo of 200m/s to a maximum range of 3.1km.
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